Did you know that four out of five people have a gum disease and dont even know they have it? Since the early stages cause no discomfort or pain, they are just not alert that it exists. Cavities usually cause some discomfort, but there are no symptoms in the first phase of gingivitis. Gingivitis or periodontal disease are the names for gum disease ” inflammation that results in bone loss under teeth.

Having regular dental check-ups and periodontal examinations are very important and will help detect if periodontal problems exist. Periodontal disease begins when plaque, a sticky, colorless film of bacteria, food debris and saliva, is left on the teeth and gums. The bacteria produce toxins (acids) that inflame the gums and slowly destroy the bone. Brushing and flossing regularly and properly will ensure that plaque is not left behind to do its damage.

There are several other things that can cause gingivitis and gum disease or which may increase the risk. Plaque and tartar are more likely to form on the teeth of people who smoke or chew tobacco.

Crowding of teeth, as well as irregular spaces between teeth trap plaque and bacteria ” bridges that do not fit or defective fillings can cause such problems.

Some drugs cause side effects that increase risk of periodontal disease. Steriods, cancer therapy drugs, blood pressure drugs and oral contraceptives cause dry mouth, less saliva, which helps plaque to stick to teeth and gums.

Hormonal changes can make gums more sensitive to the poisons released by bacteria. Oral contraceptives, pregnancy and puberty can cause changes in hormone levels.

HIV/AIDS, blood disorders, diabetes and other diseases that affect the whole system can make a person predisposed to gum disease.

Some patients are genetically predisposed to a more aggressive type of periodontal disease. People with a family history of tooth loss should pay particular attention to their gums.

The symptoms that actually are noticeable when a person has gum disease are bleeding gums, red or swollen gums, bad breath, changes in the spaces between teeth (caused by bone loss), loose teeth, gum infections, retreating gums or any softness or soreness of the gums.

Good oral hygiene, a balanced diet and regular dental visits can help reduce your risk of developing periodontal disease. Good oral hygiene includes regular brushing and flossing to removed food from between the teeth where brushing cannot reach. A balanced diet means you eat your veggies and use good sense at meals. Visiting a dentist twice a year can help you determine any risk that might exist and nip it in the bud before it becomes a serious threat.

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