Submucosal fibroids are found just below the endometrium or uterine lining. They can become very big in size and thus can displace the uterine lining and can even develop a stalk. The fibroid that develops in such a manner is known as a pedunculated submucosal fibroid.

In uncommon instances, submucosal fibroids have been found protruding into the vaginal canal. The National Taiwan University Hospital reported a case in which the uterus had been inverted by a submucosal fibroid, and caused such blockage to the bladder and colon that laxatives were necessary for bowel movements, and a catheter needed for urine removal.

Because they stretch the uterine lining, producing greater surface area, submucosal fibroids are responsible for a variety of mentrual problems. The increased surface area provides more room for the blood produced by the menstrual cycle to collect, leading to heavier bleeding, and possible bleeding in between periods.The other kind of menstrual problem includes big blood clots and long menstrual cycle which may extend for seven or more days. When the clots came along the cervix it results into pain.

Submucosal Fibroids are foreign material for the uterus which is beneath the endometrium and reacts against it by contracting the uterus. These contraction are not only painful but also end up with severe cramps.

The location of mucosal fibroid inhibit implantation and cause miscarriages which lead to fertility problem. A submucosal fibroid may block the fallopian tube through which the sperm to reach the egg. The finding of Wisconsin Fertility Institute says that submucosal fibroid cause more infertility compared to other kind of fibroids.

Hysteroscopy is a general therapy for submucosal fibroids. It involves the insertion of a thin tube and a camera into the uterus travelling through the cervix. It is growing in popularity in European nations like Italy, where physicians are in fact suggesting surgery to be performed without delay for small fibroids in place of delaying to find if surgery is necessary.

France’s Tenon Hospital published a case wherein a patient developed a fever, abdominal pain, and abnormal vaginal discharge, eighteen weeks after a Uterine Artery Embolization for a submucosal fibroid measuring five centimeters. She was found to have a fibroid formed of dying tissue infected with e. coli bacteria. Thus Uterine Artery Embolization is no longer recommended, as the associated risk factor is too great.

A number of studies exist on the effectiveness of surgery to improve fertility in patients with submucosal fibroids. However, the RTI International-University of North Carolina has found that there is no strong evidence in support of hysterocsopy for anything other than symptom relief.

It may look that a hysteroscopy is remedy for fibroid but it involves risk of allergic reaction, infection, bleeding and damage of uterus, bladder or colon. But this is only symptomatic treatment it also posses the danger of growing back of fibroid.

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